修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成份叫状语，状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种语法成份。
什么可以作状语
1、副词
（1）say again.再说一遍。
（2）suddenly it began to rain.天突然下雨了。
2、介词短语
（1）please come here in the evening.晚上请来这儿。
（2）he wrote with a red pencil.他用红色铅笔写的。
3、动词不定式（或不定式短语）
（1）he went to see a film.他看电影去了。
（2）my father was surprised to hear the news.我父亲听到这个消息，感到惊奇。
4、分词（或分词短语）
（1）he sat there reading a novel.他坐在那儿看小说。
（2）he students went away laughing.学生们笑着走开了。
5、名词
（1）wait a moment.等一会儿。
（2）it can go all day and all night.它能整日整夜地走。
6、从句
（1）i’ll write to you as soon as i get there.我一到那儿就给你写信。
（2）he didn’t come because he had to stay at home to finish his homework.他没来，因为他必须留在家里完成作业。
状语的分类
状语按用途可分为：地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况几类。
1、地点状语
the students are doing their homework in the classroom.学生们正在教室里做作业。
2、时间状语
i learned a lot from the peasants when i lived in the countryside.我在乡下生活时，和农民学到很多动词。
3、目的状语
they set out early so that they might arrive on time.他们早点动身，以便准时到达。
4、原因状语
she will not go home because she has to attend a meeting.因为要开会，所以她不能回家了、
5、结果状语
li ming studied so hard that he caught up with the others very quickly.李明学习如此努力，很快赶上其他人。
6、程度状语
i nearly forgot what he had promised.我几乎忘记了他答应的事。
7、方式状语
he came singing and dancing.他唱着跳着走过来。
8、条件状语
if you work hard at english，you will do well in english.如果你努力学英语，你的英语成绩就会好。
9、让步状语
he went to school yesterday though he was ill.昨天他尽管生病了，仍然去上学了。
10、比较状语
lesson two is not so difficult as lesson one.第二节课不像比较好节那样难。
